An Example Of The Imf - 1621 Words

An example of the IMF’s ability to promote strong, stable economies is the case of Jordan. In the 1980s the declining oil prices and the related recessions in the Middle Eastern oil exporting countries was disadvantageous to Jordan. In 1989 Jordan had a 30-35 percent unemployment rate and was having a hard time due to their external debt. This led the authorities to request the country’s first arrangement with the IMF. Economic reforms were a part of the agreement between Jordan and the IMF. Jordan agreed to a series of five year reforms financed by the IMF, therefore the government took on huge reforms prioritizing foreign investment and easier trade policies. They were ultimately able to reduce the overall debt payment up to a manageable level. Jordan is currently regarded as a country by which the effectiveness of the IMF assistance is assessed. Despite all success the UN and IMF have achieved, both of these organizations have been subject to a great deal of criticism. The UN has often been criticized for being ineffective and biased. Sanctions are only effective if all countries follow them. The military force is rarely used and are usually ineffective. The UN is inadequately funded by the member states and a huge gap between the industrialized and developing countries remains. One of the greatest failures of the UN has most certainly been the genocide in Rwanda. In 1994, the majority of the Rwandan population was Hutus and the rest were Tutsis and a small number ofShow MoreRelated Role of IMF and World Bank Essay example1433 Words   |  6 PagesBetween the IMF and World Bank? One source describes the differences between the two primary world financial organizations this way: â€Å"The IMF keeps account of trade balances between member states, basically who owes whom how much, as an independent auditor. The World Bank on the other hand, gives more long term loans for more general purposes.† The World Bank is an investment bank mediating between lenders and borrowers. It sells bonds and lends that money to borrowing governments. The IMF was originallyRead More The World Bank and The IMF: Twins or Rivals? Essay examples1800 Words   |  8 PagesThe World Bank and The IMF: Twins or Rivals? Both institutions, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, were established more than fifty years ago; and the foundations of both were expected to play roles in stabilizing the frustrated global economy and aiding post-war European countries as well as other developing countries for economic progress. In the first three decades, both institutions had their own respective functions and extensively engaged in different economic and financialRead MoreGlobalization and Its Discontents1109 Words   |  5 PagesSeattle, 1999 protest 2. Annual IMF/World Bank protests 3. Protests not new in developing world, ARE new in developed world 4. Now, with communications advances, even 16-year olds have an opinion on NAFTA 5. As result, even conservative politicians must pay heed to negative effects of globalization (Chirac cited as example) I. Globalization A. Brought much good through int’l trade (Nike facftory example) B. Social benefits as well: GreaterRead MoreThe Economic Crisis Of 1997902 Words   |  4 PagesFinancial Crises of 1997 is often presented as an example of an International Monetary Fund (IMF) project that created problems for the receiving nation. As the video Globalization at a Crossroads stated in its final words, â€Å"It supported the case that economic globalization actually increased economic instability.† Indeed, there were immediate, and in some cases, irreversible consequences of the IMF’s intervention into Indonesia’s economy. Examples of negative consequences included riots, massiveRead MoreThe International Monetary Fund ( Imf )985 Words   |  4 PagesThe International Monetary Fund (IMF) was one of the many international organizations that emerged after the end of World War II. The primary function of the IMF is to promote the international financial stability and spur monetary cooperation. Many countries see the IMF as a â€Å"lender of l ast resort† (Thacker, 1999:38), meaning countries borrow money from the Fund for â€Å"short-term balance of payment support† (Steinwand and Stone, 2007:11) in order to avert the collapse of their domestic economies.Read MoreImf : The Imf And The Crisis Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesThe IMF and the Crisis in Greece There are many examples of IMF projects that resulted in failure in recent years. Brazil, Argentina, Turkey, Korea, and Indonesia are just a few examples, and now we can add Greece to the list. The IMF invested in Greece in 2010 and in 2013, the IMF openly recognized that they misjudged the effect austerity would have on the Greek economy (Elliot, L., Inman, P., Smith, H., 2013). They issued a report that identified Notable failures that include failure inRead MoreLife and Debt Documentary Reaction Paper861 Words   |  4 Pagesand proceeds to explain the contrasting views of the Jamaican people. For example, the voice over explains how many American tourists feel rich when they exchange money because their American dollars go for many Jamaican dollars due to the high inflation rates causing their currency to be valued so little. Throughout the rest of the documentary, Black’s main goal is to show what post-colonial Jamaica is really like since the IMF has given them loans and what the Jamaican people have had to sacrificeRead MoreGreece : A Major Economic Crisis700 Words   |  3 Pagesentity) is in a major economic crisis. The IMF (International Monetary Fund) was set up after World War Two in order to rebuild Europe and other countries of the world. The eurozone and Greece have been at a gridlock since the Greek economy has dropped so significantly. As stated in the article, (paraphrasing here) the eurozone will only give aid to Greece if the IMF agrees to give them funds as well (pushed by several countries in the European Union). The IMF is refusing to help bail out Greece anyRead MorePakistan is one of the poorest countries in the world, with many of its citizens living below the1000 Words   |  4 Pagestemporarily can borrow money and other resources. Reality of IMF loans was once stated by Economist Dr.Niaz Mumtaz. He said that â€Å"The IMF is often depicted as a heartless moneylender who forces poor countries to adopt bad policies and t akes its ‘pound of flesh’ back while the countries sink further into poverty.† Pakistan is the most frequent user of IMF loans. Pakistan has taken total of 12 loans from IMF from 1980 to 2012. Since 1980 IMF has imposed various conditions on successive governments crippledRead MoreImf And Wb Into Africa972 Words   |  4 PagesIt was extremely difficult to find a lot of resources upon which the World Bank or the IMF had a project that created problems for a nation that received its assistance. I, however, found some sources that talked about the involvements of the IMF and WB into Africa, and these sources hint on Ghana, which will be hinted upon throughout the paper. The IMF and WB were set up after the war world two (International Monetary...). These two entities were made to prevent similar economic crises that have

Accounting Is The Language Of Business - 1286 Words

Accounting is a major that teaches the language of business, it opens doors to the business world all over the globe, the possibilities with a accounting major is endless in the business field. Whether you want to run your own business or become a certified public accountant majoring in accounting gives you the establishment. A major plus in having a career in business is the flexibility it offers. Many businessmen can make their own hours and handle their business at the comfort of their own home. With choosing a career in business you can go from owning your own building complex and simply making revenue by gathering rent from your renters to being a CEO of a business. The possibilities are nearly endless. Majoring in accounting is great path to entering the business world. It is well known that accounting is the language of business. Accountant majors may have the ability to run their own business or help other businesses run their business. Many professionals also chose to work with the government, auditing, accounting firms, and managerial positions at companies-big or small. This is no new news to people in this day in age. Accountants and businessmen and women have been active careers since the beginning of time. The background of businessmen and accounting goes all the way back to civilization. People have been recording their expenses and earnings since day one. Businessmen have been building buildings and establishing businesses since civilization. BookkeepersShow MoreRelatedAccounting : The Language Of Business913 Words   |  4 Pagesto Gaspar (2014), accounting can be viewed as â€Å"the language of business† as it records, summarizes and reports the financial activities and events of a business. The information that is generated from accounting is used by people to make important decisions, such as managers, stockholders, potential investors, and creditors. The income statement, balance sheet, statement of retained earnings and statemen t of cash flows are the most important reports generated by the accounting information systemRead MoreAccounting Is The Language Of Business4305 Words   |  18 PagesIntroduction Accounting is the language of business. It is a profession that is being guided by principles, concepts, conventions, laws, etc. All these fundamental building blocks serve as common and general compasses to all practitioners of the profession. In some cases, they are nation-wide tailored, while in other cases, they are universally tailored. Accounting as a living, practical, dynamic and realistic profession covers so many areas of social, economic (business), and governmental activitiesRead MoreAccounting as a Language of Business6003 Words   |  25 Pages1. Define accounting? Answer to the Question no. 1 Definition of Accounting: â€Å"Accounting is an information system that identifies, records and communicates the economic events of an organization to interested users.† —Kieso, Weygandt, Kimmel-Accounting Principles. â€Å"Accounting refers to the process of identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information to permit informed judgments and decisions by users of the information.† —The American AccountingRead MoreAccounting Is Dubbed â€Å"Language† of Business Activities1153 Words   |  5 Pagesobjectives of business -----‘Accounting is dubbed â€Å"language† of business activities conducted by firms as it is used to communicate business transactions per se to all stakeholders’ According to Weygand, Kieso and Kimmel (2012, p.4), the main purpose of accounting is consists of three basic activities, identifying, recording and communicating the business events by users. These three activities help the firm to operate the business to make decision be meaningful. Business hasRead MoreHow Accounting Is Regarded As The Language Of Business1871 Words   |  8 PagesAccounting is regarded as the language of business to most of us . Who are the main users of this old ancient financial language and what do they look for and why do they look for these things? People interested in this language are normally looking for information where its creditors, bankers, financial analyst or even your good old fashion accountants. Preparing an income statement is not easy task I can become an integral part of communicating through numbers and explaining the financial transactionsRead MoreLanguage And Accounting Share Similarities1338 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage and accounting share similarities. Language has its own set of grammatical rules. Similarly accounting has its own symbols. Bloomfield (2008, p. 433) recognised that people communicate through written natural languages by selecting words from a standard vocabulary according to the rules of grammar, then organizing those words into sentences according to the rules of syntax and style. People communicate through accounting reports by selecting accounts from a standard vocabulary, combiningRead MoreWhat are the disadvantages of moving toward a set of global standards and what barriers need to be overcome to achieve the goal of standardization1104 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Much of the world is moving toward a common set of global accounting standards. Discuss the benefits of having one set of accounting and financial reporting standards around the world, with particular reference to investors and multinational firms. What are the disadvantages of moving toward a set of global standards and what bar riers need to be overcome to achieve the goal of standardization? (ESSAY) As people need to speak the same language to understand each other while talking, participants onRead MoreAccounting Career Goals Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pagesthat I will have competitors. In this competitive business world, understanding what is truly valuable to me is a major step towards achieving my goal. My strengths are my languages, technology skills, education, work ethic and the ability to follow directions. My weaknesses are communication skill, lack of U.S culture and working experience. Increasing job demand, globalization and accountant role expanding are three major opportunities in accounting field. Information technology, uncertainty of recessionRead MoreLanguage and Culture in Business Essay881 Words   |  4 PagesAn article in the South Florida Business Journal on How Cultural, Language Differences Affect Business, explains the miscommunication in language and cultural in business transactions. And the article supports its statement by using real life examples . One example is the United States Latin American business endeavors which discovered that there can be a fine distinction in translations from English to Spanish or Portuguese. In the nineteen sixty’s the United State government found them selfRead MoreWhy Are Accurate Financial Statements Important for Outside Business Interests1432 Words   |  6 Pagesoutside business interests? Matt ACC 205: Principles of Accounting I Professor Kaplan Ashford University December 22, 2011 Accounting is specifically â€Å"a system by which economic information is identified, recorded, summarized and reported for the use of decision makers†; however, accounting involves interpretation and analyzing of all financial information, including taxing, personal financial information and investment (Alba, Bathija, Thonton, 2005). Accounting is defined

Women in Poverty free essay sample

An examination of studies performed in this field. This paper presents a detailed examination of women who live in poverty. The writer identifies the most significant independent variable as well as the dependent variable using several sources of research. Variables or cause factors examined are the differences in wages between men and women, the fact that single parent women are expected to raise children and support them and many others. Women in poverty have been a topic of study for many years. The women who live below the poverty level are often single parents and their children are suffering right along with them. There are several things that maintain the female gender as the poor gender in the world, some are controllable but must of the variables are not. Before one can understand the plight of the poverty stricken female one must first have an understanding of what things put them there and how they might be able to change other aspects to improve their situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Poverty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Oliver Essays - English-language Films, British Films,

Oliver Twist And Anti Semism Charles Dickens being anti-Semitic when portraying the character Fagin as "the Jew", in his classic story Oliver Twist, or was he merely painting an accurate portrait of the 19th Century Jew in England? Some critics seem to believe so. Though there are no indications of neither anti-Semitic nor racist slurs throughout the story, Dickens' image turned out to follow the path of his time and place in history. The result is an enlightened picture of Victorian England's image of the Jew. The attitude towards Jews and Jewishness in 19th Century England demonstrates that Dickens was a man of his time. His attitude reflected the common British belief that Jews were villainous thieves. Fagin, a thief, is described by Dickens as "a very old shriveled Jew, whose villainous and repulsive face was obscured by a quantity of matted red hair"(Dickens 87). This common depiction of the Jew was accompanied by the stereotype that they had big noses and lured orphaned children into their filthy dens and turned them into derelicts. He was a thief because he did not have any skills, nor was he welcome anywhere. On the other hand, to describe Fagin in any other light would have to give the impression that Jews just might be humans after all. In reading this story, I discovered Fagin to be somewhat likeable and misunderstood. Though revolting to look at, having a repulsive disposition, and having manners and hygiene left to be desired I could not help but to feel sorry for the old guy. All he wanted to have was security in his old age. For example, when Fagin sees Oliver looking at him while admiring his treasures, Fagin asks the boy if he had seen any of his pretty things. Oliver tells him that he did. "Ah!" said the Jew, turning rather pale. "They- are mine, Oliver; my little property. All I have to live upon, in my old age. The folks call me a miser, my dear. Only a miser, that's all" (Dickens 1961: 91). I also found Fagin to be very charming in instances, almost likeable and having some redeeming qualities. Another example of Fagin's humanity is seen in the way he treats Oliver. Although Oliver plays a totally utilitarian role to Fagin, he becomes protective of him, even though the motives are purely selfish. When not being watched, Fagin has great self-control, even under duress. He is always cautioning Sikes against violence. There are some signs that Fagin still has a shade of humanity left in his perverted character. Several times throughout the story he exhibits some kindness towards Oliver. He checks his motives before he acts. Though the reader is still at bay with his actions, he still seems to have some sort of a conscience. It could be argued that Fagin and Oliver are somewhat similar. Though the reader does not see this at first, more in depth reading reveals that Oliver and Fagin mirror each other in who and what they are. Oliver, a boy without a home, Fagin, "The Jew", without a country. Fagin, in fact, is not seen as an Englishman. He is Jewish, which is a race all its own. Fagin is the outsider, unlike Oliver. His Jewishness places him at even more a disadvantage than Oliver's orphaned status. Both characters echo each other in asking for more; they are placed in oppositions so that for Oliver to claim his rightful place in society, Fagin must die. Dickens' stereotypical association of Fagin with a class of criminal perceived by him as almost invariably Jewish is based on a particular awareness of the commonly accepted wicked practices of this kind of Jew. Dickens' stereotypical association of Fagin with a class of criminal perceived by him as almost invariably Jewish is based on a particular awareness of the commonly accepted wicked practices of this kind of Jew. In Dickens and his Jewish Characters, Dickens answers a letter from a Jewess woman who wrote him concerned with the fact that Dickens may be in fact an anti-Semitic and wanted to allow Dickens to reply as to why the characterization of Fagin. His response was that "Fagin in Oliver Twist is a Jew because it unfortunately was true, of the time to which that story refers, that the class of criminal almost invariably was a Jew" (Dickens 1918:9). Critical reviews have been inclined to argue that Fagin is only a Jew in no more than name. "His main claim to Jewishness", contends critic Harry Stone, "is the fact that

National Fabricators Essays

National Fabricators Essays National Fabricators Essay National Fabricators Essay Key Events/Case Synopsis National Fabricators Inc. is a company that specializes in the manufacturing of lockers, school furniture, toilet partitions, steel shelving, and is now currently owned by Tom Kruger after buying out $75,000 of shares from shareholders in 1992. The industry is very competitive as costs are rising and prices being cut while the economy declines at the same time. As the president of National Fabricators, Tom Kruger needs to bring the company back on its feet in order to generate profits and reduce its losses of $480,315 and outstanding bank loans of $784,000. Tom Kruger also predicts that sales would fall as much as 10% during the 1994 fiscal year due to government cutbacks on medical and educational spending as well as a sluggish level of consumer confidence. Tom Kruger is now faced with trying to get a 60 day extension for his temporary line of credit in order to get the company to start making profits again. Problem Statement and Objectives To save the company, Tom Kruger needs to get an extension of 60 days on his temporary line of credit so that he can keep losses to a minimum and start generating more profits. At the same time, the economy is declining, competitors are setting low prices, and the government is cutting back on educational spending. Tom Kruger realizes that his plant is not being utilized at full capacity and most of the operations were being primarily financed on bank credit due to insufficient cash at hand. To address these problems, Tom Kruger is now planning on developing a new plant layout for efficiency as well as requesting a line of credit extension in order to finance debt. Situation Analysis Porters As we can see from the case, the metal industry is not an attractive industry because of high competition with low bids, unstable economy, high bargaining power of buyers, and high start up costs. Since the buyers have very little suppliers to choose from to do business with, it can be concluded that suppliers have bargaining power in this industry. Buyers on the other hand only have power when they are specialized at what they do and offer a very low price. Substitution is quite limited due to different specifications offered by the major companies. Barriers to entry on the other hand are very high due to the huge amount of capital needed to get a foot in to the industry. All in all competition is very high in this industry and one must bid aggressively in order to gain a contract. However, this is hard when everyone is giving their lowest bid. SWOT Analysis Overall, for National Fabricators the weaknesses outweigh the strengths for due to its failure towards managing both finance and operations for approximately 10 years. The threats also outweigh the opportunities mostly due the intense competition whcih provides a negative trend towards profits for National Fabricators within the industry. Strengths: The company has kept all of their old employees at the management level and this will allow them to keep stability while the company is under new ownership. With a strong sales team being compenstated on a commission basis, this will isnpire each employ to work harder to make and close sales; which in the long run will increase company profits. National Fabricator has contracts from purchaser who are very unlikely to default on their payables, because majority of them come from the government. Mr. Kruger, is well experienced for this position mostly due to his education and qualifications Weaknesses: The company lacks in a sufficient inventory management and cost management system, which impacts profits. With a deficiency of cash flow it forced the company to purchase materials from more costly war ehouses other than Steelmills which is cheaper, which inreturn had increased manufacturing cost. Inproper scheduling and status reporting for work in progress caused a major ineffectiveness on plant capacity use, which had openly increased operating cost and reduced net profits. Opportunities: Buying from the Steelmills will result in an increase of operating profit while costs are being decreased. The company has the opportunity to grow in various markets and aquire new customers such as malls, hotels, offices, and motels not only in Canada but as well as the United States. Threats: Tremendous price and wage competition in a recurring industry will lead to additional losses in profits. The highest risk for National Fabricators is the three companies which are dominating the industry that have the investment ability to control industry standards and requirements, which could lead to a decrease in profits. Due to the long term contracts from the government it is impacting the com pany’s cash flow in a negative trend. Historical Financial Analysis Sales fluctuate due to the frequently cyclic nature of the industry but they aim to remain above 3 million annually. In 1993 cost of goods sold being 90% of sales and 9. 6% gross profit of sales. Company’s lack of ability to manage inventory and lack of cash forced them to order from more expensive (12-15%more) warehouse than steel mills. Net profit margin has been negative and no major patterns over the 9 year period on net profit since the trend of the industry is based mostly on economic factors, and whether or not they secure contracts. Due to high percentage of COGS they are only left with a net profit of $980 or 0. 024% of sales in 1993. As a result, if the company lower the material cost, the profit margin will improve drastically. In 1984 current ratio went from 2. 07 to 1. 2 in 1993 which still is at an acceptable level, mainly due to the fact that operations were losing money in the past few years and there was a large cash drain on the company which resulted in the lowering of the current ratio. Operations were being financed by National Fabricators bank credit which resulted in outstanding bank loans of $784,000; this could cause serious problems on thei r credit rating from the local bank due to the worse intereage coverage ratio. Their average age of receivables in days is 78. 79 which had been steady around that number except in 1993 with 101 days mainly due to the holdback on large accounts. Since it is taking longer for them to convert accounts receivable into cash, the liquidity ability for the company is getting worse. | |1993 |1992 |1991 |1990 | |Liquidity | | | | | |Current Ratio |1. 12 |1. 34 |1. 32 |1. 58 | |Quick Ratio |0. 70 |0. 4 |0. 81 |0. 81 | |Profitability | | | | | |%Sales Growth |25. 7% |(17. 6%) |14. 4% | | |Gross Margin |9. 6% |10. 7% |7. 0% |7. 0% | |Net Margin |0. 02% |(1. 8%) |(5. 6%) |(6. %) | |Expenses/Sales |10. 0% |13. 3% |12. 8% |14. 1% | |ROE |0. 2% |(11. 4%) |(37. 8%) |(26. 3%) | |ROA |0. 04% |(4. 1%) |(12. 8%) |(11. 9%) | | | | | | | |Debt/Assets |75. % |64. 2% |66. 1% |54. 7% | |Debt/Equity |310. 4% |179. 4% |195. 0% |121. 2% | Recommendation and Analysis We have chosen to recommend alternative #1, which will focus on improving their profits because they will be reducing the cost of materials from purchasing directly from Steel Mills rather than buying from the warehouses. By doing so this will help them convince Confederation Bank. Purchasing from producers rather than the warehouses will significantly save us an approximate 12-15%. This can help drastically with their profits being made. Another way to improve profit is by increasing profit margins and to do so they need to cut the cost of materials, which will be approximately 68%. By having cut material cost by 13. 5% National Fabricators will have $314,600, which is the amount they saved from the materials and it would increase their gross profits by that amount. Having laid out this plan everything looks very convincing but there are a couple set backs, which need to be worked out. Delivery is three months once purchased from the producers directly rather than one-day delivery from the warehouses, this may cause problems for daily operations. National Fabricators now has to pay off their suppliers in 30 days payments. It used to be 60-90 days but the change requires the need for more cash on hand. Nationals Fabricators will require the financial support of Confederation Bank in order to solve these set backs that will take place if they dont receive the help financial help they require. Being able to execute this plan we believe that National Fabricators would be able to convince the bank to extend the loan. This will benefit the company because not doing so will increase the financial problems. The reason being we didnt choose alternative 2 was because it was just too risky and way too costly especially with the risk at hand. Yes it was to better their sales but factor in that their attempts to migrate in the U. S. market also have the risk of not being successful. Also the number of other companies already settled their will give a great competitive market and putting all this together would just show that there is much more risk at hand than reward. Exhibits and Analysis: Attached on next page

French Architecture Not to Be Missed

French Architecture Not to Be Missed Touring France is like time traveling through the history of western Civilization. You wont be able to see all the architectural wonders  on your first visit, so youll want to return again and again. Follow this guide for an overview of the most significant buildings in France and a look at historic architecture you wont want to miss.   French Architecture and Its Importance From medieval times to modern days, France has been at the forefront of architectural innovation.  In Medieval times, Romanesque designs signaled pilgrimage churches, and the radical new Gothic style found its beginnings in France. During the Renaissance, the French borrowed from Italian ideas to create lavish Chateaux. In the 1600s, the French brought exuberance to the elaborate Baroque style. Neoclassism was popular in France until about 1840, followed by a revival of Gothic ideas. The Neoclassical architecture of public buildings in Washington, D.C. and throughout capital cities across the U.S. is in large part because of Thomas Jefferson in France. After the American Revolution, Jefferson served as Minister to France from 1784 to 1789, a time when he studied French and Roman architecture and brought them back to the new American nation. From 1885 until about 1820, the hot new French trend was Beaux Arts - an elaborate, highly decorated fashion inspired by many ideas from the past. Art Nouveau originated in France in the 1880s. Art Deco was born in Paris in 1925 before the style moved to Rockefeller Center in New York City. Then came the various modern movements, with France solidly in the lead. France is a Disney World of Western architecture. For centuries, students of architecture have made a point of traveling to France to learn historic design and construction techniques. Even today, the Ecole Nationale des Beaux Arts in Paris is considered the best architecture school in the world. But French architecture began even before France. Prehistoric Cave paintings have been stumbled upon throughout the world, and France is no exception. One of the most popular sites is Caverne du Pont d’Arc, a replica of the Chauvet Cave in the southern France area known as Vallon-Pont-dArc. The real cave is off limits to the casual traveler, but Caverne du Pont dArc is open for business. Also in southwestern France is the Và ©zà ¨re valley, a UNESCO Heritage area containing over 20 prehistoric painted caves. The most famous is the Grotte de Lascaux near Montignac, France. Roman Remains The Western Roman Empire in the 4th Century A.D. included what we now call France. Any countrys rulers will leave their architecture behind, and so did the Romans after its collapse. Most of the ancient Roman structures are, indeed, ruins, but some are not to be missed. Nà ®mes, on the southern coast of France, was called Nemausus thousands of years ago when Romans lived there. It was an important and well-known Roman city, and, so, many of the Roman ruins have been maintained, such as the Maison Carrà ©e and Les Arà ¨nes, The Amphitheater of Nà ®mes built around 70 A.D. The most spectacular example of Roman architecture, however, is the Pont du Gard, near Nimes. The famous aqueduct carried springwater to the city from the mountains about 20 miles away. Within two degrees latitude of  Nà ®mes is Vienne near Lyons and another area rich in Roman ruins. In addition to the 15 B.C. Grand Roman Theatre of Lyon, the Roman theater in Vienne is just one of many Roman ruins in a city once occupied by Julius Caesar. The Temple d’Auguste et de Livie and the Roman Pyramide in Vienne have been more recently joined by the newly discovered little Pompei a couple of miles across the Rhone River. As excavation for new housing was underway, intact mosaic floors were unearthed, which The Guardian described as remarkably preserved remains of luxury homes and public buildings. Of all the Roman ruins that remain, the amphitheatre may be the most prolific. The Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre Antique in Orange is particularly well-preserved in southern France. And, of all the French villages that have so much to offer, the cities of Vaison-la-Romaine in southern France and  Saintes or Mà ©diolanum Santonum on the west coast will lead you through time from Roman ruins to Medieval walls. The cities themselves are architectural destinations. In and Around Paris La Ville-Lumià ¨re or the City of Light has long influenced the world, as a center of the Enlightenment and a canvas for western art and architecture. One of the most famous triumphal arches anywhere in the world is the Arc de Triomphe de lÉtoile. The 19th century Neoclassical structure is one of the largest Roman-inspired arches in the world. The spiral of streets emanating from this famous rotary is the Avenue des Champs-Élysà ©es, the road that leads to one of the most magnificent museums in the world, The Louvre, and the 1989 Louvre Pyramid designed by Pritzker Laureate I.M. Pei. Outside but near Paris is Versailles, whose popular garden and chateau are rich in history and architecture. Also just outside Paris is the Basilica Cathedral of Saint Denis, the church that moved Medieval architecture to something more Gothic. Further afield is Chartres Cathedral, also called Cathà ©drale Notre-Dame, that takes Gothic sacred architecture to new heights. The cathedral in Chartres, a day trip from Paris, should not be confused with the Notre Dame Cathedral in downtown Paris. The Eiffel Tower, a New Seven Wonders of the World finalist, can be seen down the river from the gargoyles of Notre Dame. Paris is filled with modern architecture, too. The Center Pompidou designed by Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano revolutionized museum design in the 1970s. Quai Branly Museum by Jean Nouvel and Louis Vuitton Foundation Museum by Frank Gehry continued the modernization of Paris. Paris is also known for its theaters, most notably the Paris Opà ©ra by Charles Garnier. Integrated within the Beaux-Arts-Baroque-Revival  Palais Garnier is LOpà ©ra Restaurant by the modern French architect Odile Decq. Pilgrimage Churches of France A pilgrimage church can be a destination in itself, such as the pilgrimage church of Wieskirche in Bavaria and Tournus Abbey in France, or it can be a church along the route pilgrims take. After the Edict of Milan legitimized Christianity, the most popular pilgrimage for European Christians was to a place in northern Spain. The Camino de Santiago, also called the Way of St. James, is the pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, Spain, where the remains of Saint James, Apostle of Jesus Christ, is said to be. For European Christians who could not travel to Jerusalem during the Middle Ages, Galicia was wildly popular. To get to Spain, however, most travelers had to move through France. Camino Francà ©s or the French Way are the four pathways through France that lead to the final Spanish route to Santiago de Compostela. The Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France are historic, with historic architecture created to accommodate the REAL Middle Age tourist! These routes became part of the   UNESCO World Heritage site in 1998. Look for preserved, historic buildings and monuments along these routes. The symbolic use of the shell (an item given to pilgrims who completed the journey to Spains coast)   will be found everywhere. The architecture along these routes does not attract the large crowds of modern tourists, yet much of the historic significance is similar to more touristy structures.. Architecture Beyond Paris France has not stopped growing. Ancient Roman structures may stand near 21st century modern architecture. France may be for lovers, but the country also is for time travelers. Sarlat-la-Canà ©da en Dordogne, La Cite, the castle city of Carcassonne, Popes Palace in Avignon, Chà ¢teau du Clos Lucà ©, near Amboise, where Leonardo da Vinci spent his last days - all have stories to tell. The work of 21st century architects abound throughout up-and-coming French cities: Lille Grand Palais (Congrexpo), Rem Koolhaas in Lille; Maison Bordeaux, Rem Koolhaas in Bordeaux; Millau Viaduct, Norman Foster in Southern France; FRAC Bretagne, Odile Decq in Rennes; and Pierres Vives, Zaha Hadid in Montpellier. Famous French Architects The writings of Eugà ¨ne Viollet-le-Duc (1814-1879) are well-known to the student of architecture, but his restoration of Medieval buildings throughout France  - most notably Notre Dame in Paris  - are better known to the tourist. Other architects with French roots include Charles Garnier (1825-1898); Le Corbusier (Swiss born in 1887, but educated in Paris, died in France 1965); Jean Nouvel; Odile Decq; Christian de Portzamparc; Dominique Perrault; and Gustave Eiffel. Sources France: archaeologists uncover little Pompeii south of Lyon, The Guardian, August 1, 2017,  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/02/france-archaeologists-uncover-little-pompeii-south-of-lyon [accessed October 29, 2017]

Introduction to Quantitative Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Introduction to Quantitative Management - Essay Example at in deed the company can be able to utilise its un used crude oil to meet up the needs of the new contract which promises to be buying the Hi-Grade petrol and one which happens to be the most profitable. This means that maximising on the Hi-grade petrol which has the largest profit margin would that the company would be able to make the largest profit margin. The new contract on the other hand promises $1,336,500 from just making 14850 barrels of Hi-Grade petrol. This is at a slightly higher profit per barrel for the new contact with is standing at $90 as opposed to the $85.98average per barrel for the first contract meaning that the company should continue with the new contract. To determine the cost of a barrel of each grade of the petrol produced, this is done by determining cost of the component barrel. For example standard grade of petrol is produced by mixing 14% of crude type A. this means that14% of the standard petrol grade consist of type A crude. This is equal to 14% of one barrel of a type A which is cost14% of the cost of 93.5.this results to the following figures With a total expect profit margin of $2.3456 million, then the company can go ahead and initiate the project since there are positive expected cash flows from the projects. Building a medium park of 180 units however, remains to be the best contributor to the positive expected cash flows from the project. This means that were the projections determined to be true and fair then setting out such a plan would be best option. This would thus mean if the company decided not to purchase perfect information from the market experts at the cost of $200,000 then going as per P2 would be the better option. So if the company for its own reason decided not to commission the expert market research, its best bet to the contribution on the expected returns would be the plan P2 which has the highest expected returns’ contribution which stands at $ 1.0336 million. This is almost half of the total

Critically discuss the ways in which technology has made globalization Essay

Critically discuss the ways in which technology has made globalization possible - Essay Example Therefore we can integration perspective to define globalization as a process of integration, which can take international form depending with the stakeholders and the purpose of integration, which arises from interchange and/or exchange of ideas, views and aspects of culture and socialization, products and the holistic human development in relation to the external world (Boudreaux, 2008, 2). Technology on the other hand can be defined as implementation of an idea, thought or invention in the process of making, modifying and using of techniques in relation to knowledge of tools and machines in order to solve a prevailing problem or condition. Technology seeks to improve existing tools, crafts or machines to a new set of efficient ones; systematically analyse the methods of organization to achieve a certain predefined goal, and/ or evaluate an applied input/ output model relations in order to perform a specific function (Macintosh, 2011, 4). The diversity of human knowledge and the ne ed to solve emerging issues in daily activities has necessitated techno-progressivism, a stance of active support for the convergence of technological change in a bid to merge it with socio-economic changes. In addition the need by the human species to convert natural resources into simple tools and applications was followed by the innovations and critical thinking that was necessitated by the need for â€Å"leisure class† and to control the environment that one is in. From this we can deduce that globalization has been propagated by the need to human species to understand; control, comprehend, integrate and to some point analyse the external environment with an aim of being part of it. In this paper we shall critically analyse the ways in which inventions, innovations and technological/industrial revolutions have made globalization possible; evaluation of its impacts on cultures and cultural exchange, international trade, health, and global workforce, and evaluate drawbacks of technology. Innovations and Industrial Revolution Industrial revolution in this sense can be viewed in form of rate at which innovations in science and technology have helped in transition to new manufacturing processes; mechanization of traditional methods of production from manual to machinery, the effects of global output as a result of this increased productivity, and the analysis of major turning points in our daily activities. For instance, innovations to improved efficiency of water power and new chemical manufacturing in industries have improved textile production, improved economies of scale in blast furnaces in smelting and production of iron related commodities through substitution of coke by coal which is cheaper and more effective, and advancement from steam engines to petro-driven and atomic energy sources that have revolutionized industrial operations. This has led to increase in output due to economies of scale, increased profitability and expansion of firms which has necessitated international trade; a prerequisite for integration and globalization through exchange of ideas, goods and skills across nations. Technology and Communication As discussed earlier, globalization involves exchange of ideas,

How Internet Affects Life Essay Example for Free

How Internet Affects Life Essay Nowadays, the use of Internet is increasing especially among adolescence or more accurately, students. The Internet issue is discussed by the adults and parents. Most of them are worried that the use of Internet is dangerous to their kids. Some others said that Internet may bring benefits to their children especially to those who will be sitting for an examination. On my opinion, Internet has both benefits and drawbacks. First of all, let me talk about the benefits first. As we know, Internet is mostly used by students. By surfing internet, students can visit various websites to assist their studies. The examples of popular websites are tutortv.com , unicliq.com , and tutor.com.my. They can visit the websites and revise their studies in more exciting way. Some of them are free. Students can visit it anytime they want. The websites also provide useful notes and exercises. At the same time, students can get additional information that they cannot find it in books. For instance, they can go to Google or Yahoo search engines to search for more ideas to write an essay. In short, Internet provides vast informations and knowledge which is very beneficial for the students. Next, Internet also provides lots of social networks such as Facebook , Twitter, MySpace and many other. Through these social networks, we can add more friends and make new friends. We can also know friends from other country as these social networks are used internationally. Other than adding friends, we can also strengthen our relationship with our friends and family who are staying far away from us using Skype. We can see them in front of our eyes eventhough they are actually far away from us through web camera. Besides, Internet also offers entertainment. We canwatch videos of our favourite artists by just one click through Youtube website. We can also watch favourite movies without paying. Plus, there are many artists born from Youtube. So, fans can know more about the artists from Youtube. Meanwhile, 4shared.com provides tracks, videos and files that can be  downloaded for free! Internet users can enjoy themselves at anytime watching their favourite artists performance for free. Internet doen not only offersbenefits for students but also to those who want to gain more money. It also provides business opportunities. As for example, mudah.my gives a wide room for surfers to promote anything they want to sell. Through this, people with no job can gain money and support their lives by doing the online business. However, as I said earlier, Internet also brings bad effects to its users. Firstly, it can encourage cyber crimes. Besides that, students who spend too much time on Internet may neglect their studies and do not finish their homework. This should be avoided as studies are important especially to teenagers. Although Internet can add more friends to our list, yet, it still can develop anti-social behaviour. Not all of the users use Internet to make friends, someof them only play video games or just sit down wayching videos on Youtube. They will only sit and ignore what is happening around them. The worst thing is, they may not realise that there is an earthquake out there! This anti-social behaviour may leads to health problems. The users will just stay at home and sit in front of computer and this will cause them to be lazy couch potatoes. It will also lead to obesity. Next, most students will not attracted to surf knowledgeable websites, but wasting their time on other non-beneficial things. Wasting timeon Internet can cause students to neglect their studies. Not only time is wasted but also money. With the uses of more electricity non-stop, utility bills may increase dramatically. We just not pay for the electric bills but also internet monthly bills. The conclusion is, everything has its own benefits and drawbacks. However, it depends on how we are using it. If we spend more time using it for benefits, we will get positive effects. But if we use it more to non-beneficial things, we will get negative effects. So, it depends on you.

Change Essay -- essays research papers

Change is something that is constantly occurring in our lives. Not a single moment goes by when everything in our lives will remain consistent. Indeed, it has become apparent to us that the only thing which in fact survives change, is change itself. Time and experience allows change to eventually reform and alter everything from the way it originally was. From ourselves physically, to those around us emotionally, to the way in which we perceive the entirety of the world everything it eventually changes. Most of the time we are not even explicitly aware of such changes occurring, but none-the-less they are indeed occurring. Change is a natural process that cannot be easily stopped or controlled. When we think of the things we valued at the age of, five, ten and even fifteen, the constant abundance of change in our lives become apparent. However, it is due to the unpredictability that change promotes in our life, that has made many perceive the ideology of change to be something which should be viewed as a negative in our lives today. However, we should passionately revolt against this notion. It is change which has bought about some of the greatest events in history. Had their not have been change in our past, there would never have been an industrial revolution and we would not be able to live in the liberalist country in which we do today, where we can voice our opinions without being under threat of persecution. This embracement of change which we sh... Change Essay -- essays research papers Change is something that is constantly occurring in our lives. Not a single moment goes by when everything in our lives will remain consistent. Indeed, it has become apparent to us that the only thing which in fact survives change, is change itself. Time and experience allows change to eventually reform and alter everything from the way it originally was. From ourselves physically, to those around us emotionally, to the way in which we perceive the entirety of the world everything it eventually changes. Most of the time we are not even explicitly aware of such changes occurring, but none-the-less they are indeed occurring. Change is a natural process that cannot be easily stopped or controlled. When we think of the things we valued at the age of, five, ten and even fifteen, the constant abundance of change in our lives become apparent. However, it is due to the unpredictability that change promotes in our life, that has made many perceive the ideology of change to be something which should be viewed as a negative in our lives today. However, we should passionately revolt against this notion. It is change which has bought about some of the greatest events in history. Had their not have been change in our past, there would never have been an industrial revolution and we would not be able to live in the liberalist country in which we do today, where we can voice our opinions without being under threat of persecution. This embracement of change which we sh...

Wwii: the Good War?

US History: Surv Since 1877 The Good War? Many Historians call World War II â€Å"The Good War. † The Second World war consumed every corner of the globe, pitting the world’s biggest powers against each other. There were two sides the Axis powers and the Allied Powers. The Axis included many Germany, Japan, and Italy. The Allied powers included the Soviet Union, United States, British Empire, China, and France to name a few. World War II was caused by several things. One was the Treaty of Versailles which Germany could not afford to pay.In turn they empowered a man who vowed to rip up the treaty. Two other reason were the failure of appeasement and the failure of the league of Nations. There are many reasons why people think that World War II was â€Å"The Good War,† Paul Fussell gives a good account on the subject. A Good War, A Just War, A Moral: Fussell's accounts simply show that these terms are simply not possible for the teenage kid being shipped off to fig ht in the war at the tender ages of 18, 19, 20, or even 17. For American troops, the first unpleasant act in their active and dangerous participation in what has been misleadingly termed the Good War was throwing up in the transport conveying them to the United Kingdom (Fussell pg. 15). † Fussell references to how the war is misnamed â€Å"The Good War† here. He suggests how can the war be good when we are putting these young boys in situations were they are throwing up out of fear. The fear is not the only problem, the men ate terrible food twice a day standing up while the officers ate at white linen tables with nice cutlery and better food.This was not the firs blow to his morale though. In training, many draftees were greeted with the letters R. T. C. which the draftee quickly learned meant replacement training center (pg. 95). Many thoughts would enter the draftees head after reading those letters, â€Å"Why, he wondered, were so many hundred of thousands of draft ed boys needed as replacements? For whom or what? Was the army expecting that many deaths or incapacitating wounds (Fussell pg. 95). † He soon learned that the answer was yes which as you can imagination was quite demoralizing and does not condescend to â€Å"The Good War† idea.Another Concept that Fussel used to support his motion that World War II wasn’t the good war everyone was talking about; was disproving the idea that only the germans spared innocent life's. He talks about the measures that the Allied forces used to protect the german assumption that the FUSAG was going to attack at Pas De Calais (Fussell pg. 32). â€Å"To move troops and reserves quickly to this fancied battlefield, Hitler would have to use railways, railway stations, and alas, railway towns, where many French civilians were killed (Fussell pg. 32). The allies bombed many french railroad structures and in the process killed many innocent citizens. The innocent killing of civilians could not relate to World War II being called the â€Å"The Good War. † If World War II, was â€Å"The Good War† then why was there so much desertion. Relating back to one of the problems I mentioned earlier, one of the main causes of desertion was fear. â€Å"Many GIs were so scared that they required special attention. Says an American woman who worked with the Red Cross, â€Å"Just before they went across to France, belts and ties were removed from some of these young men.They were very, very young (Fussell pg. 108). † Fussell tells of a battle in france, where a fresh battalion arrived to relive a unit that was battered from fighting and many of the men had been killed. Their bodies not yet been removed, but were laid out neatly just behind the foxholes and decently covered with pine boughs (Fussell pg. 107). When the reinforcements say this, they instantly disappeared only to show up many months later. How can World War II be â€Å"The Good War† when youn g men are disbanding out of pure fear.World War II may be being fought for a just reason. Hitler is clearly an uncontrollable menace who needs to be put down. On the other hand, World War II cant be â€Å"The Good War† that many historians claim it to be. Just as Fussell suggests a war can’t be good when we are sending our teenage young men in extreme situations which cause them to vomit out of fear. Also how can a war be good when we are taking the lives of innocent civilians. In the end, World War is not â€Å"The Good War† that many suggest it to be.

Pain Clinical Observation Paper

Alyssa Martin Fall 2012 Observation Experience Summary: Pain Clinic The mission and scope of the setting is to provide diagnosis and treatment of acute, chronic and cancer pain. Patients present to the pain clinic for relief and treatment for a variety of painful medical ailments which do not typically respond to conventional therapy (â€Å"Pain management center,† 2012). Those in charge at the pain clinic are the two board-certified pain management physicians, Dr. Dwarakanath and Dr.Henkle. There is also a team of nurses, physical therapists, and other professionals specially trained in a variety of techniques to manage pain. There are a number of techniques the pain clinic is able to perform, but there are two procedures that were the most widely used; the first being an Epidural Steroid Injection. This procedure is the number one pain management technique used in the clinic. It is specifically for radiating pain that is in the back/leg area or neck/arm area.The procedure es sentially includes corticosteroids being injected into the epidural space in the spine and decreases the inflammation and swelling in the nerves that are irritated, causing relief. Pre-procedure teaching mainly includes explanation of the sensations patient will feel, which include a small pin stick as local anesthetic is used. In addition, they are instructed to have a light meal before coming in, but if they are requesting to receive IV sedation, they are instructed to not eat at all 6 hours prior to the procedure (â€Å"Pain management center,† 2012).If they are diabetic or on blood thinners, it is important to know so that special considerations need to be made for that patient. The patient is also told that the procedure is performed with little discomfort and only takes about 5 to 10 minutes. After the injection, the patient may feel warmth or numbness in their legs or arms for about an hour due to the anesthetic. Because of this reason, patients are observed while they recover and are then sent home with a friend or family member, since they are advised not to drive due to possible residual weakness for a few hours.Post-procedure teaching includes information regarding the first few days after injection, where it is usual to feel increased back pain or discomfort from the needle being inserted. A second common procedure done is the Facet Joint Injection, which is usually done for non-radiating pain. This technique also reduces the inflammation or swelling of the tissue in the joint space (â€Å"Pain management center,† 2012). Pre-procedure teaching includes a lot of the same things as an ESI; the procedure only takes a few minutes, local anesthetic is given, and the steroid medication is injected.Post-procedure teaching involves letting the patient knows that they should not drive upon discharge and will feel the same increase of pain before relief as seen in ESI. They will be able to return to work and other normal daily activities the ne xt day. Potential complications of these procedures mainly include incorrect placement of the needle by the doctor. Because it is a delicate and difficult task to position the needle in an exact position, sometimes the physician accidently pinches a patient’s nerve and they feel a sudden rush of radiating pain in legs or arms, depending on where the needle is inserted.Additionally, sterile technique is extremely important during these procedures because the needles are entering directly into patients’ spines and joints, so potential infection in these areas could prove to be highly detrimental and dangerous. Overall, the experience in the Pain Clinic was an informative one. It was interesting to see the procedures done first-hand because it was done extremely quickly but is something that needs so much precision and expertise.The physicians made the techniques look easy, but not once did they falter with mandatory legalities such as the â€Å"time-out†, where ev eryone in the procedure room stops and verifies the patient, procedure, etc. that is to be performed. The staff nurses seemed in good spirits and verbalized enjoyment and passion for their roles, and that is what I found most valuable this time around. References Bare, B. , Cheever, K. , Hinkle, J. , & Smeltzer, S. (2010). Textbook of medical surgical nursing . (12th ed. ). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins. Pain management center. (2012). Retrieved from

The Real Monster Underneath False Cause Professor Ramos Blog

The Real Monster Underneath False Cause â€Å"Another Radical Muslim Attack Claims American Lives† An example of the news headlines following the Orlando Pulse massacre on June 12, 2016 in which an American-born man, Omar Mateen, went on a mass shooting in a gay nightclub that would end with 49 lives taken. Every Time we have a gruesome crime, or mass murder we go through the same process. We are shocked, we mourn for the victims, we sympathize for the families, and we condemn the monster who did it. There is rarely a moment where we dissect what lead to the person’s transition into a monster. Today we have villainized the Muslim community due to radical religion in the form of extremist terrorist groups like ISIS so that has become our go-to in labeling Mateen a monster. However from just a little research into Mateen’s history and background we can look at the multiple causes that lead to the creation of the monster he became. Instead of highlighting things like mental health, internalized homophobia , and religions that condemn homosexuality, we immediately use the radical islamic terrorist card. Unfortunately I believe that American-born Mateen wasn’t just a radical islamic terrorist. I believe that he is a monster that we as a society created because of various cultural issues.          A cause that many people have come forward and validated is Mateen’s struggles with his sexuality. The radical religion terrorism has overshadowed this part of Omar Mateen’s story. Although Mateen was married there are many reports that say the truth to his sexuality was different than what was portrayed. A former classmate of Mateen’s came forward to the Palm Beach Post and told a story of how Omar tried to pick him up in a gay bar in 2016. â€Å"He said, ‘Well if you were gay, you would be my type.† He then goes on to explain that everyone in their circle at the time had believe Mateen was gay but not open about it. â€Å"He just wanted to fit in and no one liked him,† the friend explained. In addition to these stories from old friends, multiple regulars at Pulse have come forward and mentioned that they had seen Mateen at the club multiple times of the years leading up to the event. Some could argue that Mateen was just plann ing out his attack however there are multiple reports of witnesses who saw him pursuing men. Outside of the nightclub, Mateen had also had a past with a male co-worker in 2007. Mateen was allegedly obsessed with the male coworker, Daniel Gilroy, and pursued him so aggressively that Gilroy ended up leaving the security job that they worked at together(Mower 2016).   Looking beyond in person witnesses, there have been multiple men who have come forward with information regarding Mateen’s use of gay dating apps. Monster thesis four explains that the monster dwells at the gates of difference. A prime example of this is in modern day is homosexuality vs. heterosexuality(Cohen). To put it simply, a huge part of Mateen becoming a monster was simply the fact that he was different. Mateen may have had an idea that these differences were negative and unacceptable as many others do. Research on Internalized Homophobia, or self-hatred due to one’s sexual orientation, show that a person who is not out suffers from higher levels of IHP which can lead to mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, and anger issues(Meyer 1998). Coming from a strong religious and cultural background seeing sexuality as such a negative is enough to drive someone to become a monster to themselves and in this case, to many others.          The easiest reason that the media seems to draw on everytime there is a crime involving a person of Muslim religion is terrorism linked to radical religion. However the facts as it pertains to Omar Mateen’s religious involvement dont quite add up. To examine this we will start from what we know and work our way through Mateen’s past. Between 2:35am and 3:25am on June 6, 2016   Mateen spoke with police through a series of calls while inside Pulse nightclub. What we know is that at some point during these calls Mateen swore allegiance to the Islamic State and expressed he felt the â€Å"pain of the people getting killed in Syria and Iraq.†(Bowen, 2017) Of course this coming directly from Mateen led the media to label this as a terrorist attack due to Radical Muslim teachings. When we look further into Mateen’s religious background or lack there of, it doesnt quite add up.          Statements from Mateen’s ex wife have concluded with Mateen never actually being religious at all. She mentions that he may have had private beliefs that he kept to himself but he was never a practicing Muslim. Mateen was reported to be firm in his faith leading up to the attack. From my analysis it is my belief that Mateen’s struggle with faith and sexuality was perhaps the straw that broke the camels back. He is said to have attended Mosques weekly and pray three to four times throughout the week. Syed Rahman, a man who attended the same church and knew Mateen since he was a child reports that the closer Mateen got to his religion, the more troubled he came to be. Just four months before the Pulse shooting, an Islamic preacher visiting the church gave a speech calling for the death and punishment of all homosexuals. Is it possible that Mateen, struggled with conflicting views of his faith and his sexuality? Could it be that he was tormented by the idea that what he was went completely against the religion he was brought up in? Perhaps he had a similar journey to many gay men of various religions that condemn homosexuality. This has been shown to significantly increase Internalized Homophobia levels(Meyer,1998).   Being raised in a religion that condemns you based on something you can not change can really affect your mental well being. Perhaps Mateen felt denied by his religion and cast out, for this he may have decided that his only shot at â€Å"salvation† was an act of radicalism that eliminated the very thing that he couldnt accept within himself. What is interesting about Mateen’s pledge to the Islamic State is that there has never been any direct links discovered. FBI Director James Comey explains that the inconsistency â€Å"adds a little bit to the confusion about his motives.†(Bowen, 2017) In monster thesis seven, the monster stands at the threshold of becoming, a key factor in defining the monster is explained in which the monster asks us to reevaluate cultural assumptions on race, gender, sexuality, and perception toward differences and tolerance toward its expression(Cohen). Many religions are now attempting to be more inclusive when it comes to perception and acceptance of homosexuality, however many religions still continue to condemn this. Clearly Mateen belonged to a congregation that condemned these differences and it is not until he become the monster and committed his monstrous crime that we can sit back and question the various causes that lead to this for reevaluation of how we view differences. A condemning faith, although distant from the incident is still closely related as a remote cause to the creation of the monster. All of these inaccuracy in Mateen’s faith   lead me to believe that perhaps this was just Mateen’s last effort in ensuring that he was right by his religion amidst the battle he had with his own demons. He saw no light in the cond emnation, so he chose a radical path in hopes of peace and salvation.          In addition to Mateen’s struggles with religion and sexuality it is also believed that he was mentally unstable and possibly even mentally ill which in my opinion, is the most sufficient factor in the creation of this malevolent monster. Sitora Yusifiy who is Mateen’s ex wife spoke to reporters in Boulder, Colorado and explained her volatile marriage with him. She claimed that Mateen was bipolar and had a history of steroid abuse(Alter, 2016).   Research on internalized homophobia has shown us that men who suffer from IHP often struggle with their self-image as it pertains to masculinity(Ian, 2000). Perhaps Mateen had an issue with steroids due to wanting to overcompensate his masculinity. Yusifiy goes on to explain that Mateen beat her regularly and made her cut ties with all of her family and friends. She would later have to be physically ripped from Mateen’s arms when her family decided to rescue her from the situation. There are other people in Mateen’s life such as his second wife who have refused to comment on his mental stability. Mental instability and alleged disorders like bipolar and anger management gone untreated would have lead Mateen to eventually commit some sort of monstrous act be it, harming his wife, himself, or unfortunately something larger like the Pulse incident.          The Pulse incident is a heartbreaking and tragic event that I believe was caused by the creation of a monster rather than the act of Islamic Terrorism. Mateen battled a number of demons from mental illness, to internalized homophobia caused by a condemning religion and societal views. I am in no way a monster sympathizer and I do not belief there is any excuse for the blood shed and lives lost at Mateen’s hands however this monster was created. Just like monster thesis number six, this monster will return. Since Orlando Pulse, we as a society have shown little change in acceptance, condemning religions, and mental health in LGBTQ members. Because we have not changed as a culture we continue to breed these monsters. Mateen’s story and motives have been signed off as radical islamic terrorism when in fact there are multiple causes that lead to him becoming a monster and unfortunately we have refused to acknowledge those factors. Even though Mateen is dead, unfortunately, the monster still lives unaddressed and shadowed in false cause. Annotated Bibliography Cohen, J Jeffrey. â€Å"Monster Culture (Seven Thesis) Monster Theory: Reading Culture, 1996 pp. 3-20 This is the source of the monster thesis which I will be incorporating to analyze and evaluate Omar Mateen. Iain R. Williamson; Internalized homophobia and health issues affecting lesbians and gay men , Health Education Research, Volume 15, Issue 1, 1 February 2000, Pages 97–107. This articles main purpose is to help define and promote discussion around the concept of internalized homophobia and its effect on health. The concept of internalized homophobia, or self hatred, is still a fairly new one that is not recognized as an actual condition yet. In this study the author helps define, validate, and offer new ways of assessing internalized homophobia. This source will be my main resource because of the facts, definitions, and sources that the author cited. I will use this to help describe the IHP levels that Omar Mateen may have suffered from. Meyer, I. H., Dean, L. (1998). Internalized homophobia, intimacy, and sexual behavior among gay and bisexual men. Psychological perspectives on lesbian and gay issues, 4, 160-186. This source explores the various causes of IHP and emphasizes the impact of minority stress as a contributor to IHP. This study concludes in showing that the high levels of stress lead to high levels of distress within gay men due to being a minority because of their sexual orientation. The author breaks down the â€Å"normal† man’s life verses the gay man’s life. I will use this in my paper to explain factors in religion that may have caused IHP in Omar Mateen   Mower, Lawrence. â€Å"Orlando Shooter Omar Mateen Was Gay, Former Classmate Says.† Palmbeachpost, Palmbeachpost.com, 13 Aug. 2016, www.palmbeachpost.com/news/orlando-shooter-omar-mateen-was-gay-former-classmate-says/Trnefc7HQatgNsr3uZenXI/. This is a newspaper article in which former classmates and coworkers of Omar Mateen came out with statements regarding his sexuality. I will be using this in my paper to argue his questionable sexuality and its various effects on IHP. This is a news article with first person responses so I believe it is credible. Alter, Charlotte. â€Å"Sitora Yusufiy: Omar Mateen Was Gay, Hiding from Parents.† Time, Time, 15 June 2016, time.com/4369577/orlando-shooting-sitora-yusufiy-omar-mateen-gay/ This is an article in Time magazine in which more evidence is presented about Mateen’s sexuality. I will be using this in my paper to argue his questionable sexuality and its various effects on IHP. This is a news article with first person responses so I believe it is credible. Bowen, John R. Religions in practice: An approach to the anthropology of religion. Routledge, 2017. This is a journal that explains the relationship and involvement of radical religion and terrorism. They talk directly about Omar Mateen and his involvement in radical religion. This is a scholar journal so I believe it is a credible source.

Beware of Whom

Beware of Whom Beware of Whom Beware of Whom By Maeve Maddox I just read a mystery by Sue Grafton in which her character Kinsey Millhone mentally corrects a maid who responds to her phone call by asking Who may I say is calling? The Millhone character thinks Whom, sweetheart, Whom shall I say is calling This passage illustrates the fact that even an excellent writer can have trouble with when to use who and when to use whom. In this case, the maid was right and the detective was wrong. If you want to know why, read on. Like most pronouns, who has two forms: a subject form, who, and an object form, whom. To understand the use of pronoun pairs such as who/whom, he/him, she/her, I/me, they/them, and we/us when used with a verb, one must recognize whether the word is being used as the subject of the verb or as its object. Every verb has a subject. The subject is the doer of an action: I sing. We shop in town. Who knows the secret? Some verbs have objects. The object receives the action: The ball hit me. Dont forget us. Whom do you like best? Most of the time we have little trouble recognizing subject and verb because the subject usually comes before the verb and the object comes after it. The difficulty with who/whom arises from the fact that in a question, word order is reversed. We say Where are you going? and not You are going where?, Whom do you like best? and not You do like whom best? Things get really sticky when a sentence contains more than one clause (i.e., more than one set of subject and verb). The maids response is made up of two clauses. That is, it has two verbs: shall say and is calling. The subject of shall say is I. The subject of is calling is who. The clauses can be constructed in various ways: Who is calling, shall I say? Shall I say who is calling? Who shall I say is calling? The irony of Graftons criticism of the maids use of who is that elsewhere in the novel, Millhone doesnt always use whom when it would be appropriate. Conclusion The use of whom as the object form of who is on its way out of the language. More and more educated speakers and writers use who as both subject and object. There doesnt seem to be any reason not to. Who do you want? has become acceptable. Indeed, to the American ear, Whom do you want? sounds excessively proper. Personally, I like to observe the difference between who and whom in my writing, but I rarely do in speaking. Whatever you do, dont use whom as a subject! Ive seen it done, further proof that this particular point of grammar has lost its significance. If you arent sure whether to use who or whom, go with who. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant NamesAt Your Disposal

Globalization and chronic poverty and health Essay

Globalization and chronic poverty and health - Essay Example ement of people and resources thus results into child labor, loss of middle class jobs, capitalism, destruction of environment, and obliteration of indigenous cultures thereby leading to increased inequality (Milanovic, 667). In this respect, the poor continue to remain poor while the rich continue to accumulate wealth. Persistent inequality results into a vicious cycle of poverty in which the poor cannot take their children to school hence their children will not get better jobs due to increased competition in the job market and will continue with a generation of chronic poverty. Chronic poverty can be defined as a situation in which individuals are experiencing significant incapability deprivations for a longer period of time often more than five years (Hulme and Andrew, 403). Chronic poverty is closely linked to health standards. Research has shown that where there is high poverty index, the health standards are likely to be compromised. This is because individuals are not able to meet the basic nutritional, sanitation and hygienic standards. In this regard, they are left more susceptible to both communicable and non communicable diseases including nutritional deficiencies. Trends in globalization have therefore resulted into increased income inequality therefore leading to persistent chronic poverty and deteriorating health status among the poor. Forces of globalization play a key role in shaping political, economical and social policies that are adopted by governments. In the face of globalization, many poor countries do not gain from the increased interconnectedness because of increased competition hence even domestic policies in poor countries trend to favor developed countries. This inequality results into social injustice for the chronically poor population. Milanovic (669), views social justice as a matter of life and death since it affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness and their risk of premature death. This is the reason why

Definition essay You Pick Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Definition You Pick - Essay Example During this time there were numerous protests and people of a certain political persuasion demanded to â€Å"Ban the Bomb.† People felt that WMDs—especially nuclear weapons—were a kind of genie let loose from a bottle. Once loose, every country would develop nuclear weapons and everyone would hold everyone else hostage. These fears were heightened when both India and Pakistan developed nuclear weapons about 10 years ago. And when North Korea declared itself a nuclear power three years ago. Fear of a nuclear Iran continue to dominate American and Israeli foreign policy. But there is more to weapons of mass destruction than nuclear weapons. There are chemical and nerve agents, there are biological agents such as plague and anthrax. Many governments are known to maintain WMD programs and they are part of many militaries’ attack plans. On the flip side, there are many treaties in place to block their use but some countries stockpile them and use them as a deterrent. They have been used in the First World War (mustard gas), the Second World War (the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), and when Saddam Hussein used them against his own people (the Kurds), as well as in many other instances. The term entered the public domain in a very significant way during the Iraq War, when the American government said Saddam possessed WMDs and that was the main reason why they would have to invade Iraq. It was, however, very hard to finds these weapons in Iraq in the end. There were great debates at the time about whether he had an active program or whether he had dismantled it. In fact he had had a program in the past and had dismantled it, but had told everyone publicly that he still had it in order to deter his enemies. Because of the terms salience in the debate about the Iraq War, weapons of mass destruction was named word of the year in

Moral Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Moral Issues - Essay Example Also, engineering is increasingly required to satisfy continuing education requirements in order to keep their professional status. The ethics integrity is based on the principle of fairness and moral rules. This ethics integrity moral and social responsibility issues, fair attitude towards customers and colleagues. Clients served by engineers have no choice but to rely upon their lawyers for expert advice. Engineers are assumed to have a command of a complicated and changing subject matter; that is why they have been hired. But this also means that clients are rarely able to assess the engineering professional's competence. This is true in engineering as well as in the other professions. In engineering profession, this is a more complex notion because of the issue of third parties (Bentham, 2000). Engineering ethics integrity is based on the Judeo-Christian ethic. This ethics generally considered to be the foundation of Western ethical and moral principles. "In performing professional services for a client, a (structural engineer) has the duty to have that degree of learning and skill ordinarily possessed by reputable (structural engineers), practicing in the same or similar locality and under similar circumstances" (Kardon 1999). In engendering, like duties of justice, "the standard of care" does not arise because of any culpability on the part of the organization. "The standard of care" rests upon the mere fact that there are other beings in the world whose condition can be made better. If the organization recognizes these beings and is able to improve their condition, then a "the standard of care" arises. The fact that "the standard of care" is recognized by managers of organization is demonstrated by the fact that they cause the corporations to make charitable contributio ns. One is hard pressed to swallow utilitarian way of thinking that such contributions may in the long run improve profitability by the formation of goodwill. In fact, the best arguments against such action are utilitarian in nature (Mill, 2002). Ethics integrity involves duties of self-improvement which are the most difficult duties of engineers to translate to an organization. Duties of self-improvement rest on the issue that one can improve his/her own condition with respect to good value or intelligence. An example is the practice of organizations paying the cost of sending managers to universities to improve their skills and knowledge. Utilitarians would undoubtedly argue that such achievement is taken to improve profits through lower costs generated from the better management the organization expects to receive from better-educated managers. Organizations would undeniably justify this practice on such utilitarian grounds. Though, the ethics must truly be stretched to translate an individual manager's education to the bottom line. A more credible explanation for such things as classes in human relations might be found in the desire to fulfill a duty for self-improvement. For example, one could argue

Organization An Important Management Decision

Organization An Important Management Decision According to question 1, it required to give the reasons of selecting computer hardware and software for the organization an important management decision. It also required to state out the management, organization, and technology issues that should be considered when selecting computer hardware. A computer is a programmable machine that accepts input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a useful format. A computer is made up of combination of two components, which is hardware and software. Both components are important and have its own functions and meaningful usages. The simplest definition of hardware is the thing which we can touch and software is the thing which we cannot touch but only feel. Computer hardware is the physical the mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical components making up a computer system. Examples computer hardware are Central Processing Unit (CPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), hard disks, CD-ROM Compact Disk Read-Only Memory), keyboards, mice, printers, modem, router, and etc. Computer software is the detailed instructions that control the operation of a computer system. Computer software is divided into two major types of software, which is system software and application software. System software is a set of generalized programs that manage the computers resources, such as CPU, communication links, and peripheral devices. Examples of system software are Microsoft Windows, Mac OSX, Linux, BIOS software, Device Diver Software, and etc. Application software describes the programs that are written for or by users to apply the computer to a specific task. Examples of application software are, Microsoft Word, Mozilla Firefox, E-mail software, groupware, and etc. C:UsersSunny Chen-MunDesktopFigureFigure 1.jpg Figure 1: Computer hardware (Examples only) C:UsersSunny Chen-MunDesktopFigureFigure 2.jpg Figure 2: Computer software (Examples only) Answer (Question 1) Nowadays, most of the greatest organizations are using the computer technology and had implemented their own IT (Information Technology) department(s). They cannot neglect the powerful and productive of its IT department(s) which brings their business towards success. Examples of organizations are Apple Inc., FedEx, Wal-Mart, McDonalds, and etc. Hence, IT is now critical to an organizations success, so it is important that an organization should uses the computer technology in its daily business routine and the computer hardware and software meets the needs of the organization. The managers and/or IT employees must have the understanding of the role of computer hardware and software in the decisions that promote organizational performance and productivity. The computer components, either hardware devices or software, are now updating and improving its technology frequently and speedy, and hence affected its price are rising. The computer hardware and software costs a lot of money in an organization. Therefore, it is very important that the IT department of an organization should choose and buy the most appropriate and cost-effective computer hardware and software. While selecting the most appropriate and cost-effective computer hardware and software, it also needs to be sufficiently powerful to meet the demands of the current users and future unpredictable increasing of users demand. Therefore, expandability and scalability of the computer hardware and software needs to be carefully planned and considered. Selection and use of computer hardware and software technology can have a deep impact on business performance. Computer hardware and software represent important organizational assets that must be managed appropriately. The most important issues in managing computer hardware and software technology assets are understanding the new technology requirements for electronic commerce and digital firm, determining the total cost of technology assets, and determining whether to own and maintain technology assets or use external technology service providers for an organization. Managers and IT specialists need to pay attention to the computer hardware capacity planning and scalability. Capacity planning is the process of predicting when a computer hardware system becomes saturated. Capacity planning ensures that the organization has enough computing power for its current and future needs. Business managers need to determine acceptable levels of computer response time and availability for the organizations mission-critical systems to maintain the level of business performance they expect. New applications, mergers and acquisitions, and changes in business volume all impact computer workload and must be considered when planning hardware capacity. Scalability refers the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down. Organizations must make sure they have sufficient computer processing, storage, and network resources to handle their business databases and to make it available online constantly. Hence, not affect their daily business routine or the availability for users demand. The purchase and maintenance of computer hardware and software is but one of a series of cost components that managers must consider when selecting and managing computer hardware and software technology assets. The total cost of ownership (TCO) model can be used to analyze these direct and indirect costs to help organizations determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations. TCO designates the total cost of owning technology resources, including initial purchase costs, the cost of hardware and software upgrades, maintenance, technical support, and training. It is possible to reduce some of these administration costs through better management. Organizations can reduce their TCO through greater centralization and standardization of their computer hardware and software resources. They also can reduce the size of the information systems staff required to support their infrastructure if the organization minimized the number of different computer models and pieces of softwa re that employees are allowed to use. When TCO can be reduced, computers might run up to several times worth the original purchase price of the equipment. Another important management decision when selecting computer hardware and software was to determine whether to own and maintain technology assets or use external technology service providers for an organization. Nowadays, many organizations are obtaining their computer hardware and software technology from external service vendors. That is because it significantly cheaper and can saved lots of costs in maintaining and administrating. One of the popular external service vendor is online Storage Service Provider (SSP) is a third-party provider that rents out storage space to subscribers over the Web, allowing customers to store and access their data without having to purchase and maintain their own storage technology. Application service provider (ASP) is a company providing software that can be rented by other companies over the Web or a private network. ASP not just helps an organization to save cost of software purchases and updates, there may be benefits allows the organization to focus on core business issues instead of technology challenges. Utility computing model of computing in which organizations pay only for the IT resources they actually use during a specified time period. It also on-demand computing or usage-based pricing. Again, utility computing model helps to save cost of computer hardware and software of an organization. Moreover, when selecting computer hardware, it is very important that an organization should consider management, organization, and technology issues. In management issues, selecting computer hardware technology for the organization is a key business decision and it should not be left to technical specialists alone. General Managers should understand the capabilities of various computer processing, input, and storage, options, as well as price versus performance relationships. They should be involved in hardware-capacity planning technology asset management, decisions to distribute computing, downsize, or use network computers. In organization issues, computer hardware technology can either enhance or impede organizational performance. Computer hardware selection should consider how well the technology meshes with the organization`s culture and structure as well as its information processing requirements. In technology issues, IT today is not limited to computers but must be viewed as an array of digital devices networked together. Organizations have many computer processing options to choose from, including mainframes, workstations, PCs, and network computers, and many different ways of configuring hardware components to create systems. Conclusion (Question 1) In conclusion, selecting computer hardware and software for the organization an important management decision to improve business performance and productivity, while reduces the wasting cost for unnecessary aspects. Several reasons are new computer components costs lots of money, IT is now critical to an organizations success, so the computer components must meets the needs of the organization, and the computer components needs to be sufficiently powerful to meet the future increasing of users demand. When selecting computer hardware and software, the managers and IT specialists of an organization need to understand the new technology requirements for electronic commerce and digital firm, to determine the total cost of technology assets, and to determine whether to own and maintain technology assets or use external technology service providers for an organization. In addition, good decisions for selecting computer hardware and software make a business grow. Bad ones will burns organizations business money and investors money. When these money is gone, the business will fail. Question 2 If you were a manager in a company that operates in many countries, what criteria would you use to determine whether a new system should be developed as a global application or local application? Why? Introduction (Question 2) According to question 2, it required to state out and explains the reasons of the criteria that use to determine whether a new system should be developed as a global application or local application, if I am a manager in a company that operates in many countries. A global application is a computer system that able to operate across national boundaries, political, global knowledge base, world cultures, law and legal systems, religions, global environmental, social expectations, languages and etc. While a local application is opposite of global application, it concentrates and operates locally or within a company only. Assume that I am a manager of The Coca-Cola Company which operates in many countries, I would suggest for the new system should be developed as a global application. C:UsersSunny Chen-MunDesktopFigureFigure 3.jpg Figure 3: Coca-Colas logo C:UsersSunny Chen-MunDesktopFigureFigure 4.jpg Figure 4: Products by The Coca-Cola Company Answer (Question 2) Nowadays, many localized companies will be replaced by fast-moving networked corporations that transcend national boundaries. The value of imports and exports from all nations companies has risen to about several trillion dollars annually. Therefore, the production of The Cola-Cola Company should be also parceled out to a number of different countries. The globe application would help the company in manufacturing, production, and operations management. It also enables to implement standard supply chain management software or enterprise software to coordinate global manufacturing processes and supply chains. The major criteria that the new system should be developed in globe application are the growth of cheap international communication and transportation has created a world culture with stable expectations or norms, and political stability and a growing global knowledge base that is widely shared contribute also to the world culture. These criteria create the condition for global market, global production, coordination, distribution, and global economies of scale. A business driver is a force in the environment to which businesses must respond and that influences the direction of the business. The global business drivers can be divided into two groups, which are general cultural factors and specific business factors. Easily recognized general cultural factors have driven internationalization since World War II. Information, communication, and transportation technologies have created a global village in which communication (through telephone, television, radio, or computer network) around the globe is no more difficult and not much more expensive than communication down the block. The cost of moving goods and services to and from geographically dispersed locations has fallen dramatically. The development of global communications has created a global village in a second sense: A global culture created by television, the Internet, and other globally shared media such as movies now permits different cultures and peoples to develop common expectations about right and wrong, desirable and undesirable, heroic and cowardly. The collapse of the Eastern bloc has speeded the growth of a world culture enormously, increased support for capitalism and business, and reduced the level of cultural conflict considerably. Another criterion what should be considered is the growth of a global knowledge base. Nowadays, Latin America, China, India, Southern Asia, and Eastern Europe have developed powerful educational, industrial, and scientific centers, resulting in a much more democratically and widely distributed knowledge base. Hence, more and more citizen has the knowledge of using computer technology and networking, better languages understanding, and more. This will enhance the meets of suitable quality of labor force, which can fit in the companys computer system easily and quickly, and then improve the productive and employee performance. These general cultural factors leading toward internationalization result in specific business globalization criteria that affect most industries. The growth of powerful communications technologies and the emergence of world cultures create the condition for global markets. Global consumers interested in consuming similar products that are culturally approved. Therefore, products of The Coca-Cola Company would be fit into global markets easily. Global production and operations have emerged with precise online coordination between far-flung production facilities and central headquarters thousands of miles away. Managers or employees of the company do not need to travel a long distance for business coordination, meetings, and any management operations. By this way, it reduces the employees travels fees and save times. In addition, the transportation fees of global shipping companies are quite low compared to the recent years. This helps reduced the cost of exporting companys products to many far distance of countries. The new global markets and pressure toward global production and operation have leaded towards whole new capabilities for global coordination of all factors of production. Not only production but also accounting, marketing and sales, human resources, and systems development (all the major business functions) can be coordinated on a global scale. Global markets, production, and administration create the conditions for powerful, sustained global economies of scale. Production driven by worldwide global demand can be concentrated where it can best be accomplished, fixed resources can be allocated over larger production runs, and production runs in larger plants can be scheduled more efficiently and precisely estimated. Lower cost factors of production can be exploited wherever they emerge. The result is a powerful strategic advantage to organizations that can organize globally using global application. These general and specific business drivers have significantly improved world trade and commerce. Moreover, when determining the new system should be developed as a global application, it is very important that an organization should consider management, organization, and technology issues. Managers are responsible for devising an appropriate organizational and technological framework for international business. Choosing a global business strategy, identifying core business process, organizing the firm to conduct business on an international scale, and selecting international information system architecture are key management decision. In organization issues, culture, political, and language diversity magnifies differences in organizational culture and standard operating procedures when companies operate internationally. These differences create barriers to the development of global informational systems that transcend national boundaries. The main technology decision in building international system is finding a set of workable standard in hardware, software, and networking for the firms international information systems infrastructure and architecture. The Internet and intranets are increasingly used to provide global connectivity and serve as a foundation for global systems, but many companies still need proprietary system for certain functions, and , therefore, international standard. Conclusion (Question 2) In conclusion, the new system of The Coca-Cola Company would be the most appropriate developed as a global application. The criteria that should be considered were globalize the company would increase the profits, the growth of cheap international communication and transportation has created a world culture with stable expectations or norms, and political stability and a growing global knowledge base that is widely shared contribute also to the world culture. The global application also helps in online coordination, meetings, and any management operations, which reduces employees travels fees and save times. Overall, it improves the productivity and business performance of the company.